Free reference · 596 entries
The words, before the course.
Short, plain definitions of the terms that turn up in statistics and data science — what they mean, and how they relate to each other. Nothing to sign in for.
15 of 596 entries under I
- Icon PlotsIcon plots are graphical tools for multivariate analysis. They provide graphical representation of observed units described by many variables.
- Image ProcessingIn image processing, the initial data are images – functions of two coordinates. Normally, images are represented in discrete form as two-dimensional arrays of image elements, or “pixels” – i.e.
- Independent EventsTwo events A and B are said to be independent if P(AB) = P(A).P(B). To put it differently, events A and B are independent if the occurrence or non-occurrence of A does not influence the occurrence of…
- Independent Random VariablesTwo or more random variables are said to be independent it their joint distribution (density) is the product of their marginal distributions (densities).
- Independent VariableSee dependent and independent variables.
- IndicatorSee manifest variable
- Inferential StatisticsInferential statistics is the body of statistical techniques that deal with the question “How reliable is the conclusion or estimate that we derive from a set of data?” The two main techniques are…
- Input variablesee dependent and independent variables
- Interaction effectAn interaction effect refers to the role of a variable in an estimated model, and its effect on the dependent variable.
- Interim MonitoringIn clinical trials of medical treatments or devices, a traditional fixed sample design establishes a fixed number of subjects or outcomes that must be observed.
- Internal Consistency ReliabilityThe internal consistency reliability of survey instruments (e.g. psychological tests), is a measure of reliability of different survey items intended to measure the same characteristic.
- Interobserver ReliabilityThe interobserver reliability of a survey instrument, like a psychological test, measures agreement between two or more subjects rating the same object, phenomenon, or concept.
- Interquartile RangeThe difference between the 3d and 1st quartiles is called the interquartile range and it is used as a measure of variability (dispersion).
- Interval ScaleAn interval scale is a measurement scale in which a certain distance along the scale means the same thing no matter where on the scale you are, but where “0” on the scale does not represent the absence of…
- Intraobserver ReliabilityIntraobserver reliability indicates how stable are responses obtained from the same respondent at different time points.
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